6.4 Public Interest Disclosures (Whistle Blowing)

The concept: the whistle-blower — the insider (official, employee, contractor) who discloses wrongdoing: corruption, danger, illegality, the cover-up. The public-interest disclosure as democracy's internal alarm: the state's own servants warning the public the state's machinery has failed. The tension (the unit's core): the insider's duty of confidentiality (6.1-6.2) vs. the public's right to know (Article 27) — the same act is breach from inside and service from outside. The law's task: protecting the honest whistle-blower while punishing the malicious or mercenary leaker. The Nepali framework (the honest map): No dedicated whistle-blower statute yet — the Whistleblower Protection Bill's long legislative history; the protection today fragmented: The fragments that exist: the Good Governance (Investigation and Monitoring) Act, 2064 — the complaint-protection faces (the victim-of-abuse complainant's safeguards); the CIAA's complainant-confidentiality practice (the anti-corruption whistle-blower's practical shield); the RTI Act's citizen-request route (the lawful alternative to leaking); The constitutional supports: Article 27 (the right to information on matters of public importance); Article 51's anti-corruption policies; the Supreme Court's public-interest jurisprudence receiving even leaked information in PIL causes; The media's role (the media-law home of the topic): the journalist as the whistle-blower's channel — the confidential source of Unit 4.3; the leaked documents of Unit 4.4's grading table; the publication decision's ethics: verification, the public-interest weighing, the harm minimization (the responsible-report discipline: publish the…