7.3 Remedies Available to Citizens against Abuse of Administrative

Discretion through Writ Petitions The writ jurisdiction (Articles 133/144 — the citizen's five keys): Writ The abuse it answers The remedy it gives Certiorari The decision unlawful (the grounds of 7.2) The decision quashed — sent to the void Mandamus The duty's non-performance; the refusal to decide The order commanding the duty's performance Prohibition The authority proceeding beyond its powers (before the decision) The order stopping the excess in its tracks Habeas corpus The detention unlawful The body produced; the liberty restored Quo warranto The office held without authority The office-holder's title questioned The writ practice's features (the Nepali face): The interim orders: the stay and status-quo orders preserving the position pending the hearing (the injunction's public-law face); The compensation's growth: the public-law damages — the rights' violation answered with the compensation order (the custodial-torture line's jurisprudence); The PIL (public interest litigation): the standing's liberation — any citizen (the public- spirited petitioner) for the public's right; the epistolary tolerance (the letter as petition); the structural remedies (the directive orders, the continuing mandamus — the court monitoring the order's implementation); The declaration: the law's or the act's invalidity declared (Article 133's any-citizen power — the statute itself struck). The citizens' route map (the answer's closing): the internal review (the departmental appeal) → the tribunal where specialized (Unit 6) → the writ…