12.2 UNCITRAL Rules on International Commercial Arbitration

The ad hoc arbitration's ready-made procedure (1976; revised 2010): the parties adopting the Rules without any institution — the tribunal's constitution (the appointment mechanism, the challenge-and-replacement), the proceedings' conduct (the pleadings, the hearings, the evidence), the award's form-and-effect (the reasons, the applicable law, the settlement's recording). The Rules' virtues: the institution-free economy; the UNCITRAL's neutrality — the developing-world parties' favourite; the Rules' adoption inside institutions-and-treaties (the investment claims' procedural base).