Discuss (d) the UCP as standard form

(a) Nature The standard form contract (the "form contract") — the contract whose terms are drafted in advance by one party and presented to the other on a take-it-or-leave-it basis: no negotiation of the terms, only the choice to sign or walk. The consumer's insurance policy, the courier's consignment note, the bank's account terms — and the trader's bills of lading (Unit 4), charter parties, insurance covers and L/C forms: the international trade world RUNS on standard forms. The nature's two faces: The efficiency face: the mass transactions' economics — drafting once, using a million times; the certainty of the tested clause; the famous trade forms (the Incoterms, the UCP, the standard charter forms) as the merchant community's accumulated wisdom; The power face: the unequal bargaining — the stronger party's terms unilaterally imposed; the exemption clauses (the liability's exclusion); the fine print the weaker party never reads. The law's response: the CONTROL doctrines (below). The legal character: still a CONTRACT (offer and acceptance — LAW 301's world... rather the contract law's basics) — but acceptance by signature or conduct without negotiation; the assent's reality diluted ("the contract of adhesion" — the adhering party sticks to the proffered terms). (b) Use (where and why — the international trade catalogue) The transport documents: the bill of lading's printed conditions; the air waybill;…