6.1 Damages and Types

The damages' forms (the five — the exam's list): Type The purpose The illustration Ordinary / compensatory The loss's restoration: the pecuniary heads (medical costs, earnings' loss, property value) + the non-pecuniary (pain-and-suffering) The accident victim's full loss Special damages The pleaded specifics (itemized, proven in advance) vs. the GENERAL damages (assessed by the court) The lost wages item-by-item Exemplary / punitive The aggravated wrongs' extra answer — the state's malice, the cruel wrongs The constitutional-violation faces; the outrageous conduct Nominal The right's bare vindication — the technical wrong without loss The unauthorized entry, nothing damaged Contemptuous The trifling award — the wrong's technicality The insult's token rupee The measure's disciplines: The remoteness screen — only the foreseeable-and-not-remote losses (Unit 3's proximate cause as the damages' gate); The mitigation duty — the victim's reasonable self-help (the reasonable steps to reduce the loss; the unmitigated loss not recoverable); The certainty — the special damages' proof; the general damages' assessment; The heads' recognition — the physically-injured's heads; the dependants' claims (the fatal cases); the psychiatric faces (the recognized-injury requirement).