1.3 Juvenile Justice versus Criminal Justice

The comparison table (the exam's banker — reproduce in full): Point Criminal justice Juvenile justice Aim Punishment of the guilty; deterrence Reform and reintegration; the child's development The actor's frame The offender — a responsible adult The child in conflict with law — a developing person Terminology Trial, conviction, sentence Adjudication, disposition (the vocabulary's care) Court The regular court The juvenile court / bench (the specialised composition) Procedure Public, adversarial, formal Closed, protective, informalised; the parent's and social worker's presence Custody Prison; bail and remand Last resort only; correction homes; separation from adults Sentences The full tariff The reduced ladder (the age-bands); no capital, no life- without-release Records The permanent record Confidential; the sealing logic The victim The party to be answered Present — and central in the restorative face