Discuss (a) grievous hurt

Definition and classification: homicide — the killing of a human being by a human being. The taxonomy: Lawful (justifiable/excusable) homicide: execution of lawful sentence, self-defence's fatal extremes, the accident without negligence (the careful surgeon's death-causing act) — no crime (Unit 7's defences); Unlawful (criminal) homicide — the graded ladder of culpability: - Intentional murder (the purpose to kill, or knowledge of the act's deadly virtual certainty); - Knowledge/ recklessness-based homicide (the blow meant to maim that kills; the consciously risked death); - Negligent/culpable homicide (the careless death: the rash driver, the careless doctor, the fallen scaffolder); - Suicide-related homicide: abetment of suicide (the instigation that kills), the suicide pact's survivor, attempted suicide itself (treated as a health matter rather than a criminal priority in the modern approach); - Special-contextual forms: infanticide, dowry-type deaths, custodial deaths (the human-rights overlays). The murder/culpable-homicide boundary — the classical problem: all murder is culpable homicide, but not all culpable homicide is murder — murder is culpable homicide plus the special ingredients of intention to kill or knowledge of deadly probability; the lesser grades carry reduced intent, provocation's mitigation, or the sudden fight's heat. Unit 4's mens-rea ladder (intention → knowledge → recklessness → negligence) is homicide's grading science. Nepal's provisions: the Muluki Ain's classical scheme graded killings with the numbered khanas — No. 6 (the…