5.5 Nepalese Laws and Experience on Hijacking

The treaty position: Nepal is a party to the security trio (Tokyo 1963, Hague 1970, Montreal 1971 — the Beijing 2010 instruments' adherence to be confirmed against the current tables). The national law's faces: the Civil Aviation Act 2053's offences (the unlawful acts' domestication — the hijacking, the sabotage, the aerodrome offences: the penalties' provisions); the Aviation Security (Management) Rules 2046 (the security's administration: the airport-security committees, the screening's disciplines); the general criminal law's layer (the Criminal Code 2074's faces — the hostage-taking's-and-terror-type offences beside the aviation-specific ones); the CAAN's security oversight (the airport's policing-and-screening practice). The Nepalese experience's chapters: the 1973 Royal Nepal Airlines' hijacking-to-Punjab (the DC-8's diversion — the ransom's lore: the historic incident's face); the 1999 Indian Airlines Flight 814's hijacking (the Kathmandu-Tarmila departure's hijack-to-Kandahar — the security's transformation: the airport's security overhaul; the region's cooperation questions — the famous incident studied for the security-failure's lessons); the post-9/11 regime's implementation (the screening, the watch-lists, the air-marshals' debates); the honest audit (the capacity's questions; the region's politics; the TIA's single-terminal security challenges). Exam Focus Long questions: (i) The three-convention architecture — Tokyo/Hague/Montreal (each: the pillar's subject + the jurisdiction's design — the unit's banker); (ii) The Nepalese laws and experience (the treaty + the Act 2053 + the two incidents' chapters). Short questions: the aircraft's "in flight" formula;…