5.4 Regional Protection Mechanisms of Refugee Law

The regions' architectures (the comparative menu): Africa: the OAU Convention 1969 — the expanded definition (the objective circumstances — Unit 2.1); the burden-sharing's first treaty (the asylum's grant with the international- community's burden recognised); the mass-influx's prima facie practice — the world's most generous definition; Latin America: the Cartagena Declaration 1984 — the broadened definition (the generalised violence + the massive violations); the non-binding influence (the domestic incorporation's wave); the 30-year-and-beyond declarations' reaffirmation line (the Cartagena+30/+40's solidarity faces); Europe: the ECHR's complementary regime — the Art 3's absolute removal bar (the refugee law's backstop); the Common European Asylum System (the qualification directives — the subsidiary protection's codification — Unit 7.2); the Dublin system (the state-responsibility allocation — the safe-country machinery's world); Asia: the absent treaty — no binding regional refugee convention (the world's largest refugee-hosting region without the regional regime); the Bangkok Principles 1966 (the AALCO's principles — the definition + the non-refoulement's affirmation — the non-binding status; the 2001 updated version); the Asia's practice: the informal tolerance + the UNHCR's mandate-RSD (the Nepal face — Unit 8's story) — the region's gap as the exam's critical point. The synthesis (the unit's craft): the four mechanisms' pyramid — the refugee law's specialty, the HR law's floor, the IHL's conflict cover, the regions' variations — the protection's layered architecture (the Africa-Latin-America…