6.2 ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross)

The birth and the character: founded 1863 (the Henry Dunant's Solferino inspiration — the humanitarian impulse's institutional birth; the Geneva Conventions' custodian); the Swiss-based private association's oddity (the non-governmental character with the international legal personality — the states' recognised actor); the founding principles: the humanity, the impartiality, the neutrality, the independence (the Movement's seven principles' core). The functions: The IHL's guardian — the Geneva Conventions' custodian-and-promoter (the development's initiator — the 1949-and-1977 line; the ratification's promotion; the implementation's monitor); The conflict protection — the war victims' visits (the detainees — the ICRC's unique access); the civilians' protection (the occupied-and-besieged faces); the missing persons' tracing (the family-links restoration — the Central Tracing Agency's world); The assistance — the conflict-zone relief (the surgical-and-food faces); the emergency health (the war surgery's craft); The displaced-relevant faces — the IDP protection (the conflict-displacement's lead — the UNHCR's refugee-mandate complemented); the returnees' monitoring (the repatriation's safety); the camp security (the civilian character's promotion); The special tasks — the IHL's dissemination (the armed-forces-and-public education); the arms-transfer debates (the humanitarian disarmament's advocacy). The ICRC-UNHCR division (the exam's comparison): the UNHCR = the refugee-mandate (the outside-the- country displaced — the 1951 regime's organ; the political-but-non-political UN agency); the ICRC = the conflict-mandate (the war victims — the IHL regime's organ; the neutral-and- independent committee) — the complementarity's craft: the…