4.5 Purposive Construction

The craft: the purpose-first reading — the statute's OBJECT as the meaning's master (the teleological interpretation: the "why" governing the "what"); the method: the purpose's identification (the long title, the preamble, the mischief, the scheme) → the purposive application (the ambiguous text read to serve the purpose; the gaps purposively bridged); the modern ascendancy (the human-rights era's method — the constitutional purposes' judicial service); the critiques: the purpose's contestability (the judge's chosen purpose — the discretion's entry); the text's residue (the purpose cannot contradict the clear text — the purposive craft's limit). The Nepal faces: the purposive turn (the rights-era jurisprudence: the Godavari-Pant-Shrestha lines' purposive craft — the constitutions' purposes served; the "spirit of the constitution" idiom).