2.3 Investigation and Other Disciplinary Actions

The investigation's steps: the complaint registered → the practitioner's reply called (the allegation made known — natural justice begins) → evidence examined, hearing given (the right to be heard observed) → the decision: dismissal if unfounded, or the finding of breach → the disciplinary action (2.4's ladder). The safeguards: notice, hearing, reasons — the natural-justice spine; the appeal/review route to the courts (the punishment not final until the due process is complete). Other disciplinary actions: interim suspension in grave cases; supervision and conditions; referral to the courts where criminal conduct is alleged (the dual-track: discipline for the profession, prosecution for the crime).