4.1 Public Corporation with Charter

The form: the corporation created by a special charter — the constitutive instrument itself (a royal charter historically; in the modern frame, the special statute or the charter-based creation): the corporation's birth by GRANT, not registration. The characteristics: the powers as charter- defined (the special law's boundaries); the special governance (the charter's own organs); the public-purpose face (the chartered body's mission). The Nepali faces: the chartered/special- statute corporations (the institutions created by their own statutes rather than the general Companies Act — the Nepal Rastra Bank by its own Act the classic example: the central bank's special-statute birth); the comparative note (the UK chartered corporations' history — Unit 1's ancestry surviving in the special-statute form). The exam's point: the charter corporation is the EXCEPTION track (the special law), beside the general-registration tracks that follow.