Explain the right of access of landlocked states to and from the sea and the freedom of transit under UNCLOS 1982.

Disadvantaged State The landlocked state (LLS): the state without a seacoast (the enclosed-and-surrounded: Nepal the classic — India-and-China's enclosure); the landlocked's condition: the sea's access dependence (the transit through the neighbours' territories), the trade's cost (the logistics' burden), the resources' asymmetry (the EEZ's absence). The geographically disadvantaged state (GDS): the coastal state whose geography limits its maritime advantage (the short coastline, the narrow shelf, the sea's closure by others' zones) — the categories' craft: the GDS HAS a coast but a poor one (the landlocked's contrast); the UNCLOS's GDS category (the shelf-poor and the zone-limited states). The nature of the two categories' law: the compensatory regime — the UNCLOS's response to the geography's inequality (the access, the transit, the participation: the landlocked-and-GDS provisions as the equity's instruments — the geography's injustice softened by the law).