2.3 The Jurisdictional Competence: Actions in rem and Actions in

personam The in personam actions (the personal claims — the debt, the damages): the jurisdiction over the PERSON (the defendant's presence, domicile, submission — the personal bases); The in rem actions (the property claims): the jurisdiction over the THING (the property's situs the exclusive base (the immovables the situs-court's near-exclusive — the lex situs's jurisdictional face)); the quasi-in-rem craft (the property-as-the-anchor for the personal claim — the modern restrictions).