3.4 Laws on Migration (Concept of Migration and Mobility; Types)

The concept: the migration = the residence's change across a boundary (the permanency's intention the test); the mobility = the wider movement (the circulation's-and-the commuting world). The types (the syllabus's own craft): the PERMANENT (the one-way resettlement (the hill-to-Terai family transfer)); the SEMI-PERMANENT (the long-but-not-final stay (the decade's work abroad with the home kept)); the TEMPORARY (the bounded stay (the contract's years (the Gulf labour cycle))); the SEASONAL (the year's rhythm (the India winter migration (the agricultural-and-construction seasonality))); the internal-vs-international division (the district-and- province flows vs the cross-border world).