Discuss (b) son preference

The mutual engine: the urbanisation DRIVES the demographic change (the cities' fertility- lowering effects (the children's cost (the housing, the education); the women's work-and- education; the services' access (the family planning's availability))) and the population growth DRIVES the urbanisation (the rural surplus's discharge (the push)); the concentration's Nepal face: the Kathmandu Valley's mega-concentration (the primate-city problem (the services-jobs- education magnet)); the urban explosion's definitional craft (the new municipalities' boundary- based majority-urban count (the 2021's two-thirds) beside the functional-urban reality's caution); the urban growth's problems (the housing, the traffic, the waste, the informal settlements (the squatters' rights questions)); the policy's response (the deconcentration's agenda (the secondary cities, the federalism's distributed development)); the demographic transition's urban face (the cities' below-replacement fertility (the national fall's leading edge)).