Discuss (d) Article 21

The meaning: victimology = the scientific study of the VICTIM (the victim's role in the crime event; the victim's injuries (the physical, the financial, the psychological); the victim's treatment by the justice system; the society's responses); the field's coinage — Benjamin Mendelsohn (the 1940s' father (the term's inventor)) beside Hans von Hentig (the victim's early typologies) and Marvin Wolfgang (the victim-precipitation studies) — the pioneers by name; the victimisation's layers (the exam's trio): the PRIMARY (the crime's direct harm), the SECONDARY (the system's own re-victimisation (the insensitive investigation, the court's ordeal, the delays)), the TERTIARY (the community-and-society's faces (the stigma, the isolation)).