1.3 Evolution of Victimology and Victim Justice System

The five eras (the exam's ladder): (1) the PRIVATE vengeance-and-compensation era (the victim (or the kin) the justice's actor (the blood-feud-and-the wergild craft (the victim's golden age (the pre-state world)))); (2) the STATE'S takeover (the public prosecution's rise (the victim the witness (the "forgotten" era))); (3) the REDISCOVERY (the 1940s-60s (Mendelsohn-von Hentig- Wolfgang (the study's return — the era's over-correction: the victim-blaming typologies' caution)); (4) the RIGHTS' movement (the 1970s-80s (the victims'-rights movements; the compensation statutes' rise; the 1985 UN Declaration (Unit 4's anchor))); (5) the CONTEMPORARY era (the restorative-justice's growth (the victim-offender mediation, the reparation's centre); the victim- centred-and-trauma-informed practice (the international tribunals'-and-the TJ's victims' faces (the ICC's victims' participation — the world's model)); the paradox's discipline (the victim's rights NEVER at the accused's fair-trial expense (the balance's craft))).