4.2 International Framework

4.2.1 UN Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power, 1985 (the UN Declaration of Victims) The soft-law's cornerstone: the General Assembly's 1985 adoption (the victim justice's Magna Carta (the field's international anchor)); the four pillars (the exam's list): (1) the ACCESS to justice-and-fair treatment (the victim's respectful recognition (the Redress's machinery)); (2) the RESTITUTION (the offender's-and-the third parties' return craft (the property's restoration (the state officials' wrongdoing = the state's restitution)); (3) the COMPENSATION (the state's fund (the serious-crime victims (the uninsured losses' floor (the "when-full-compensation-is-not-available" craft)))); (4) the ASSISTANCE (the medical, the psychological, the social (the support's independence-from-the-case's outcome)); the definition's gift: the crime victim's four-harm craft (U2.1's face) + the ABUSE-OF-POWER victims (the non-criminal-yet-grievous wrongs (the disappearances'-and-the state's excesses — the TJ world's bridge (Unit 5's faces))); the Declaration's nature (the non-binding principles (the soft law's influence (the hard laws' inspiration (Nepal's 2075 Act its child)))); the follow-ups (the 2005 Basic Principles on Restorative Justice? — the restorative craft (the Rome Statute's victims' faces (the ICC's Trust Fund))). Exam Focus Long questions: (i) The Crime Victim Protection Act 2075's architecture (the rights- protection-compensation-rehabilitation quartet — the banker); (ii) The UN Declaration's four pillars. Short questions: the Article 21 trio; the state fund's craft; the abuse-of-power victims; the melmilap. Trick areas: (i)…