(1) The technology's speed vs the law's pace (the perpetual-lag); (2) the jurisdiction's puzzle (the borderless acts); (3) the anonymity-and-attribution (the identity's difficulty (the VPN's-and-the encryption's faces)); (4) the evidentiary volatility (the logs'-and-the deletion's (the chain-of- custody's craft)); (5) the privacy-vs-security balance (the surveillance's creep); (6) the platform's power (the moderation's-and-the accountability's questions); (7) the digital divide (the access's- and-the literacy's justice faces); (8) the AI's-and-the deepfake's new world (the synthetic media's harms); (9) the capacity's deficit (the police's-and-the judiciary's technical training (the Nepal- specific face)); (10) the cross-border cooperation's slowness (the MLAT's world (the "data expires first" craft)). Exam Focus Long questions: (i) The cyber law's origin-and-development (the technology-law race — the banker); (ii) The jurisdiction problem-and-solutions (the effects doctrine's craft).
Short questions: the PKI's two-key craft; the EDI; the effects doctrine; the intermediary's preliminary face. Trick areas: (i) The PKI: the PRIVATE key signs, the PUBLIC key verifies (the reversal error); (ii) The jurisdiction's answer = the EFFECTS + the targeting craft (the single "server's place" error); (iii) Nepal's cyber anchor = the ETA 2063 (2006) — the pre- Budapest vintage note; (iv) The ISP = the ACCESS provider (the content's-and-the platform's providers the different categories).