9 B. Mechanisms

1. Constituting the state — the Constitution creates the organs of the State: Legislature, Executive, Judiciary (Parts 6–10 of the Constitution of Nepal) and defines the federal structure (federal, 7 provinces, 753 local levels). 2. Limiting power — constitutionalism: fundamental rights (Part 3) bind all organs; judicial review keeps them within limits; the principle that the Constitution is the fundamental law (Art. 1). 3. Allocation of competences — Schedules 5–9 distribute legislative powers among federation, province and local level — intergovernmental order by law. 4. Orderly transfer of power — election law (House of Representatives Election Act 2074), parliamentary procedure, succession rules: politics without violence. 5. Regulating political participation — political party registration and regulation (Political Parties Act 2073); the Election Commission (Art. 245). 6. Security and public order — criminal law, police powers, public security legislation — the state's monopoly of legitimate force exercised through law.