2.2 Importance of the Unification of Law of Contract for International Sale of Goods

The problem: the different national laws (the divergent remedies, the different implied terms — the merchant's uncertainty-and-costs: the governing-law clauses' negotiation burden; the dispute's unpredictability). The unification's benefits: the same rules (the predictability); the forum- neutrality (the home-law advantage's removal); the transaction-costs' reduction; the small traders' access (the bargaining-power's balance). The instruments: the CISG (the treaty's route); the UNIDROIT Principles (the soft-law route); the standard-terms' harmonisation (the industry practice).