6.9 Regulation and Standard of Trade in Services

The GATS: the services' framework — the four modes (the cross-border supply; the consumption abroad; the commercial presence; the movement of natural persons); the schedules' approach (the specific commitments — the positive-list architecture vs the goods' general rules); the obligations: the MFN (the general) + the market-access-and-national-treatment (the scheduled only); the domestic regulation's discipline (the necessity-and-proportionality — Art VI); the recognition (the qualifications); the emergency-safeguards' unfinished business; the telecom-and- financial annexes (the regulated sectors' depth); the e-commerce's work-programme. The Nepal faces: the commitments' schedule (the accession's package); the remittances-and-labour- migration (the mode-4's stake — the GATS-and-the-migrants' debate); the services' export potential (the tourism-and-IT).