Compare parliamentary and presidential constitutions, and classify Nepal's system with reference to its head of state and government.

Classification is comparison disciplined: by sorting constitutions into types, we see what design choices each constitution made and what those choices cost. A constitution's classification is never neutral description — it predicts how the constitution changes, how power is shared and how the head of state relates to the government. Two preliminary cautions: (i) the pairs are ideal types — real constitutions sit on spectra (Britain has written statutes inside an "unwritten" constitution; India is federal with unitary features); (ii) classification is by dominant character, not by label on the tin.