6 Committee System in Parliament (Article 97)

1. The constitutional basis: each House's right to form committees by law; Joint Committees (max 25 members, 5:1 HoR:NA) for inter-house coordination and bill deadlocks (97(2)); 2. The standing-committee families (the exam list): finance-and-audit (Public Accounts; Public Policy-and-Programming), law-and-rights (Legislature Management; Law, Justice and Human Rights; Women and Social), government-oversight (State Affairs; Good Governance; International Relations), sectoral (Agriculture; Education; Health...), and the special/ parliamentary-hearing committees (the constitutional appointments' vetting machinery); 3. Functions: clause-by-clause bill scrutiny (the committee stage's real legislating), budget-and- audit oversight, inquiries (summon-and-document powers under the privileges code), the hearing function for appointments; 4. The evaluation: Nepal's committees' strength (the numbers-to-work ratio, the consensus culture) and weakness (staffing, research capacity, the ordinance-era bypasses) — the honest paragraph.