8 Provincial and Local Legislature and Their Limitation on Legislation

1. Provincial Assembly (Articles 175–190): unicameral (175); composition — 60% FPTP (double the province's HoR-FPTP seats) + 40% PR, closed-list inclusion, ≥ 1/3 women per party (176); term 5 years (+ 1-year emergency extension — 177); qualifications (25 years, province voter — 178); vacation-and-disqualification rules (180–181 — the Constitutional Bench decides); Speaker/Deputy Speaker (182); sessions: the Provincial Head summons within 20 days of results, ≤ 6-month gaps, ¼-members' requisition (183); quorum ¼ (185); privileges (187 — the mirror of Article 103, contempt fines to Rs 10,000); confidence/no-confidence (188 — the mirror of Article 100 with the same ¼, majority-of-total, two-year/one-year bars); ministers' participation (189); 2. Local legislatures (Articles 221–227): the Village Assembly and Municipal Assembly as the law-making organs on Schedules-8/9 subjects; composition — the executive's head/ deputy + ward chairpersons + 4 members per ward + the Dalit/minority executive member, with ≥ 2 women per ward (222–223); the executive head chairs (224); 5-year terms (225); law-drafting procedure as provided by provincial law (226(2)) — the provinces' procedural tutelage over local legislating; the district tier's coordination-only character (220); 3. The limitations on legislation (the clause the exam wants): - Subject-matter limits: the schedules' walls (federal outside 5/7/9 — Article 109; province outside 6/7/9; local outside 8/9 — Articles 221(2), 226(1)); - Supremacy limits: provincial/local laws void to the extent of…