Discuss (d) San Remo Manual

Blockade is a belligerent operation of war by which a state prevents all access (by sea) to the enemy's coast or a part of it — for the purpose of interrupting commerce and severing the enemy's external supply — declared and notified, effective where established. The law's home: the ** Declaration of Paris 1856 (the privateering abolition and neutral goods' protection matrix), the Hague Conventions (especially XIII, 1907) and the London Declaration 1909 (blockade's fullest codification — never ratified in force but the customs' evidence). Blockade is a belligerent right against neutrals' trade (Unit 3's collision point: the neutral's commerce freedom vs. the belligerent's war right); its land cousin (the siege) and its modern analogues (the sanctions "blockades" of the embargo era — Unit 8's compulsive-measures family; the "pacific blockade" of the 19th century — force-short-of-war's museum piece).