The civil route (the Civil Procedure Code 2074's map):
1. Institution: the plaint (the facts, the cause, the relief) + the summons' service (the defendant's notice: the answer's duty);
2. The defence: the written answer (the jawaphi patra); the preliminary objections (jurisdiction, limitation, res judicata); the counterclaims-and-set-offs;
3. The settlement stage: the mediation-first mandate — the Code's reconciliation duty (the court's-and-mediator's milaap attempts; the settlement's decree-effect — Unit 4's frame);
4. The issues: the framing (the contested propositions); the discovery-and-documents (the production duty; the admissions);
5. The trial: the evidence (the witnesses' examination: chief, cross, re-exam — the Evidence Act 2031's discipline); the burden-and-standard of proof (the civil balance);
6. The judgment: the reasoned decision (the issues' answers; the law's application); the decree (the executable command);
7. The execution (tameli): the decree's enforcement (the payment, delivery, eviction, the attachment-and-auction of the judgment-debtors' property; the execution court's machinery — the practice's celebrated bottleneck: the execution delays as the system's chronic disease);
8. The appeals-and-revision: the High Court's appellate review (the lower court's errors); the revisional jurisdiction (the case's legality-oversight even without appeal); the review (the same court's correction — the punarabekxan).
The criminal route (the Criminal Procedure Code 2074's map):
1. The FIR (pratham suchana) — the complaint's registration (the police's FIR duty — the refusal's remedies: the SSP's-and-court's complaint routes); the zero-FIR-type practice questions;
2. The investigation: the police's fact-gathering under the prosecutor's-and-court's supervision (the statements, the scene, the forensic); the arrest-and-detention discipline (the 24-hour production — Article 20(3); the remand extensions; the detention's legality control); the victim's rights (Article 21: information-and-compensation);
3. The government attorney's office: the case-file's review; the charge-sheet (rajupatra) or the release (the prosecution's decision — the discharge-and-fresh-investigation routes);
4. The trial: the charge's framing (mahadastab); the plea; the prosecution's evidence (the witnesses; the hostile-witness practice); the accused's defence (the 20(7) silence-right; the counsel — the 20(2), 20(10) guarantees); the acquittal-or-conviction; the sentencing hearing's modern separation (the Sentencing Act 2080-era discipline);
5. The appeals: the conviction's-and-sentence's review (the High Court; the SC's leave jurisdiction); the victim's-and-prosecution's appeal rights;
6. The bail-and-release machinery: the detention-vs-release decisions through the process (the bail's grounds; the adalati mulyankan — the judicial-custody-versus-bail discipline).