1.2 Historical Development of Company Laws in Nepal

Nepal's line (the exam ladder): (i) the 1930s' first company legislation of the Rana era, alongside the first joint-stock ventures — Biratnagar Jute Mill (1936) and Nepal Bank Limited (1994 B.S.) as the pioneers; (ii) the Companies Act 2021 B.S. (1964) — the post-1951 statutory era's organised company law; (iii) liberalisation's instruments — the Companies Act 2053 (1997) opening the corporate economy; and (iv) the Companies Act 2063 (2006) — the present law (with its rules): incorporation, governance, shares and debentures, accounts and audit, and the winding-up discipline. Beside it grew the capital-market frame (the Securities Act 2063 and SEBON — the public-issue regulator; cross-reference Securities Law, LAW5409, this semester), the Foreign Investment and Technology Transfer Act 2075 (the foreign company's gate), and the sector overlays (BAFIA 2073's governance duties for banks and insurers).