1.7 Emerging Issues in Juvenile Delinquency

1. The digital delinquent — cyberbullying, hacking, sexting-and-image abuse, online radicalisation, gaming fraud (the ETA 2063's offence face meeting the juvenile frame — the age-verification and anonymisation puzzles). 2. Substance and the young — the poly-drug entry ages' fall; the treatment-vs-punishment question. 3. Street and working children — the survival-offence economy (the child-labour law's boundary cases). 4. Child trafficking and exploitation — the coerced offender (the courier, the "wife" — the victim-offender overlap's hardest cases). 5. Conflict-affected children — the ex-combatant children's reintegration (the transitional- justice interface — Public International Law-II, Semester 4). 6. School violence and bullying — the institution's own crime scene. 7. Age-determination disputes — the unregistered births (the age-proof problem — Unit 6's forensic ossification era); the trafficking victims misaged as adults. 8. The juvenile records-and-futures — the criminal-record's shadow over education, jobs, migration — the expungement question. 9. Mental health's quiet crisis — the juvenile facilities' care deficit (the therapeutic approach's juvenile face).