5.10 Emergence of CSR as an Independent Concept

The genealogy (the exam's tour): the 1950s–60s' birth (Bowen's "Social Responsibilities of the Businessman" — the modern CSR's founding name); the 1970s' challenge (Friedman's "the social responsibility of business is to increase its profits" — the shareholder-doctrine's manifesto (Dodge's intellectual heir)); the 1980s–90s' institutionalisation (the stakeholder-theory's rise (5.2); the Global-Compact's-and-the-triple-bottom-line's faces (Elkington's name)); the 2000s' hardening (the reporting-and-code regimes; the ISO's-and-the GRI's standards); the 2010s' the ESG's-and- the-mandatory's era (5.12); and the concept's independence-achieved (the CSR from-the- philanthropy's-suburb to-the-governance's-core — the board's-agenda-and-the-report's-section).