2.3 Subsistence, Ownership, and Term of Patent; Patent Specification

Subsistence: the registration's dependency (the first-to-file's world (the Nepal-and-continental standard; the US's-first-to-invent's old exception — the 2013's harmonisation's note)); the filing- and-examination's process (the application's formalities; the substantive examination's-and-the opposition's faces; the grant's publication). Ownership: the inventor's default (the true- inventor's right); the employer's-and-service inventions (the employment's-and-commission's allocation — the contract's-and-the statute's rules); the joint-inventors'-and-assignment's faces (the successive-rights' chain). Term: the TRIPS' twenty-years-from-filing floor (the Nepal's-and-the world's standard); the annuities' maintenance; the term's-and-the-licence's public-faces (the pharmaceuticals'-and-agrochemicals' test-data's special regimes). The specification = the patent's constitution: the description's sufficiency (the invention's full-reveal — the skilled- person's enablement); the claims (the monopoly's precise boundary — the breadth's craft (the broad-enough-to-profit-and-narrow-enough-to-survive art)); the abstract's-and-the drawings' faces; the specification's amendment's-and-the correction's discipline (the post-grant's limits).