3.3 Legal Mechanisms for Discharging Tortious Liability: Definitions and Categories

The liability's endings (the exam's list): 1. Judgment-and-satisfaction — the damages paid (the liability's ordinary end). 2. Accord-and-satisfaction — the compromise (the settlement's bar). 3. Release — the victim's waiver (the post-wrong release; the ex-ante waivers' invalidity debates). 4. Death's faces — the wrongdoer's death (the estate's survival — the actions' survival rules) and the victim's death (the fatal claims' continuation — the dependants' faces; Nepal's compensation-for-death machinery). 5. Merger — the judgment's higher form (the claim's merger lore). 6. Limitation's expiry — the time's bar (U2.2). 7. Insolvency's faces — the discharge's effect on the tort claim (the provable debts' world). 8. Remission-and-forgiveness — the criminal-law pardon's no-effect lore (the civil-and-criminal independence) vs the victim's genuine remission. 9. Set-off-and-counterclaim's resolution — the mutual claims' netting.