1. The IAC faces: the Russia-Ukraine war (the 2014-2022 line's escalation); the Armenia- Azerbaijan faces; the India-Pakistan's episodic clashes; the Israel-and-neighbours' conflicts (the Gaza war's IHL debates — the distinction-and-proportionality's contested application).
2. The NIAC faces: the Syria's multi-party war (the internationalisation's extreme); the Yemen's faces; the Myanmar's post-2021 conflict; the Sahel's insurgencies; the DRC's decades.
3. The South Asian faces: the Afghanistan's long wars (the Taliban's eras); the Sri Lanka's civil war's end (the 2009 accountability debates); the Nepal conflict itself (U5.7's study).
4. The classification lessons: the modern conflicts' hybrid character (the gangs'-vs-armed- groups' threshold — the organised crime's boundary — the LAW5508 interface); the cyber-and- drone faces (U4.3's questions); the "global war on terror's" legal contests (the NIAC's transnational extension debate).