11.2 Legal Procedure of Examination and Cross-Examination of Experts

The examination-in-chief: the qualification's proof (the training, the experience — the expert's establishment); the opinion's foundation (the facts-and-examination's basis); the opinion's elicitation (the report's-and-findings'); the reasons' disclosure (the methodology's explanation). The cross-examination's craft (the defence's rights): 1. The qualification's challenge (the credentials, the specialisation's fit). 2. The methodology's attack (the technique's reliability — the validation's questions; the contamination-and-chain; the standards' non-following). 3. The facts'-basis challenge (the sample's adequacy, the examination's completeness). 4. The counter-expert's leverage (the alternative's explanation). 5. The bias-and-credentials of interest (the police-lab's independence question; the partisan history). 6. The report's language (the certainty-vs-probability — the overstatement's exposure). The re- examination: the clarification's repair (the chief's answers restored); the court's questions (the judge's own inquiry — the active court's face). The Nepal procedure: the report's submission-and-summons (the expert's court attendance); the Civil-and-Criminal Procedure Codes' faces; the costs-and-compensation for the expert's attendance.