2.2 Kinds of Jurisdiction: Actions in Personam and Actions in Rem

The classic-division: the in-personam (the person's-judgment (the obligation's (the rights-vs-the- defendant)); the in-rem (the thing's-judgment (the title's (the world's-binding (the property's- status)))). 2.2.1 Grounds on which Courts Assume Jurisdiction in Personam 1. The defendant's-presence (the physical (the service-within (the transient's-tagging-lore))); 2. The domicile/residence (the lasting-bond (the U4's-factors)); 3. The submission (the consent's (the appearance's-and-the-agreement's (the choice-of-court's (the U6's-contract-clauses)))); 4. The doing-of-business (the commercial-presence (the branch-and-the-agent)); 5. The cause's-local-elements (the contract's-place (the tort's-place (the minimum-contact's-US- face (the names-only)))); 6. The assets'-basis (the attachment's (the presence-through-property (the quasi-in-rem's- debate))). 2.2.2 Grounds on which Courts Assume Jurisdiction in Rem The situs's-rule (the immovable's-place (the exclusive (the U7's-lex-rei-sitae))); the movable's-situs (the present-location (the variable (the U7's-flexibility))); the status'-faces (the marriage-the- divorce-the-probate (the quasi-in-rem's-family (the status-decree's-world-effects))).