2.1.1 Green Light Theory
The enabling theory (the LSE's Harlow-and-Rawlings frame): the administration as the positive good — the state's problem-solving instrument; the law's role: facilitating (not frustrating) the administration — the confidence in the public service; the critiques (the administration's capture- and-arrogance risks the red-light answer presses).
2.1.2 Red Light Theory
The controlling theory: the administration's distrust (the liberty's guardian view) — the law's role: checking (the courts' vigilance; the individual's protection); theDiceyan roots (the sovereignty-of- parliament-and-the-courts' ordinary control); the critiques (the public-good programs' judicial frustration).
2.1.3 Amber Light Theory
The middle path (the proceduralist turn): neither trust-nor-distrust alone — the administration's accountability through the participation-and-procedure (the interested parties' involvement; the transparent process); the partnership's model (the state-and-citizen's cooperation) — the modern governance's theory. The exam's frame: the traffic-light trilogy as the administrative law's philosophy-map — the theories' blend in the modern practice.