8.1 Ombudsman: Meaning, Nature and Scope

The ombudsman — the citizen's guardian: the independent officer investigating the administration's maladministration (the complaints' reception; the investigation's own-motion); the Scandinavian origin (the Swedish institution's 1809 birth — the global spread); The nature: the non-judicial controller (the courts' difference: no annulment — the recommendation's power); the independent-and-impartial (the parliament's appointment; the tenure's protection); the accessible (the complaint's ease — the lawyer-free, the fee-free faces). The scope: the maladministration's investigation (the delay, the unfairness, the discourtesy, the inefficiency — the "wrong without the law's breach"); the corruption's referral (the criminal faces to the specialised bodies); the systemic reform (the reports-and-recommendations). The Nepali position: the pure ombudsman's absence (the CIAA's corruption-focus instead — the generalist-ombudsman's debates; the commissions' division of the accountability's labour).