Discuss (c) register-based statistics

The census — the complete count — is a legal operation: 1. The Statistics Act, 2079 (2022) — the modern framework: the National Statistics Office's establishment (reorganizing the former central statistics machinery), the census and surveys' legal basis, respondents' duty to answer and data confidentiality, and official statistics' production and publication. The decennial census (the 2021 round — the twelfth of Nepal's census series) executes under this framework's predecessor practice and the new Act's continuation. 2. The Birth, Death and Other Personal Events (Registration) Act, 2034 — the continuous registration stream between censuses (Unit 3). 3. The constitutional feeders: the electoral and fiscal frameworks consume census outputs (constituency delimitation and fiscal-commission transfers ride on population data). 4. Survey law practice: the sample-survey programmes (the demographic and health surveys) operating under the statistics framework's confidentiality and duty provisions. The census's legal arc: notification of census date → enumeration duty (households must answer) → confidentiality duty (data used statistically only) → publication (the count as public law's number).