Compare the US and EU enforcement models in a table. 2.

Key legislation: • Nepal: the Competition Promotion and Market Protection Act, 2063 (2007) — the horizontal competition statute: anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position, merger/acquisition control, and the Competition Promotion and Market Protection Board as the authority. • US: the Sherman Act (conspiracy and monopolization), the Clayton Act (mergers, tying, interlocks, private suits), the FTC Act (unfair methods) — enforced by the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission. • EU: the TFEU competition chapter (restrictive agreements; abuse of dominance) plus the merger regulation — enforced by the European Commission (Directorate-General for Competition) with full-court review in Luxembourg. • The spread: virtually every major economy now has a competition statute (India's Competition Act 2002; China's Anti-Monopoly Law) — the global convergence of the last quarter-century.