4 A. The mechanics

यो उत्तर युनिट 2 मा छ — सुरुवात निःशुल्क, पूरा उत्तर प्याकेजमा।

1. Reporting verbs:state, submit, allege, testify, admit, deny, observe, hold — each carries legal meaning (to hold = to decide; to allege = to claim without yet proving).2. Tense backshift (when the reporting verb is past):DirectReported"I am innocent."He said (that) he was innocent."I saw him that night."She testified that she had seen him that night."The cheque has bounced."He stated that the cheque had bounced."I will appear tomorrow."He promised he would appear the next day.1. Pronoun and adverb shifts: I → he/she; my → his/her; this → that; here → there; today → that day; tomorrow → the next/following day; yesterday → the previous day/the day before.2. Questions and commands: "Did you sign?" → He asked whether/if I had signed. "Leave the room!" → The judge ordered him to leave the room.3. No backshift for law and timeless truth: She said the law is that possession is nine- tenths… (still true).

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यहीँबाट पूरा उत्तर

यो उत्तर 1. Reporting verbs:state, submit, allege, testify,… … बाट अगाडि बाँकी छ। प्याकेज सक्रिय गरेपछि यही पेजमै पूरा पढ्न पाइन्छ — PDF छैन, अनलाइनमा मात्र।

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