3 The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 1963

The VCCR (adopted 24 April 1963, in force 1967; Nepal a party) governs the humbler sibling institution: consuls — the local representatives managing trade, shipping, visas and nationals' welfare, historically older than embassies themselves (the Mediterranean consul's commercial courts preceding resident ambassadors).Structure: consular posts (consulate-general, consulate, vice-consulate, consular agency — Article 1); establishment by consent (Article 2); heads of post appointed with a commission and admitted by exequatur (Article 12) — the receiving state's authorization to act; refusal and revocation of exequatur without explanation; honorary consuls (the separate Chapter III) — distinguished foreigners acting part-time without career status, widely used (Nepal's honorary consuls abroad are the practical Nepali instance — the standard way a small state covers the world without funding 100 embassies).