2 Rights and Liabilities of Heirs and Beneficiaries

Rights:1. The heir's title vests by operation of law at death (no gap in ownership — le mort saisit levif);2. Equal shares within the class (the reformed order — sons, daughters, widow(er) — the Code's equality; the daughter's right by birth in the family property, the return-on-marriage condition's constitutional demise);3. The spouse's rights: the survivor's share in matrimonially-acquired property plus the inheritance share in the other estate;4. The beneficiary's rights under the will (subject to the compulsory-heir protections — the testator's power over family property limited);5. The unborn heir's contingent protection (the en ventre share — Jurisprudence-II's unborn person);6. Accounting rights among co-heirs (the estate's administration and division — Unit 6's co- ownership regime pending partition).Liabilities:1. The debts' transmission: the heirs' liability for the deceased's debts — up to the estate's assets (the estate-not-person liability — the heir's duty to account and discharge from the estate; the creditor's claims' priority over distribution);2. The funeral and ritual obligations (kriya) — the expenses of last rites ranking first;3. The duties of possession and administration: preservation pending partition; accounting; no waste;4. The executor's/beneficiary's fiduciary exposures (the wasuli's administration duties);5. The tax/revenue duties of transmission (registration fees, the land-revenue updates).