1. Substantive rules (the norms' content);
2. Sources and their hierarchy (constitution-statute-precedent-custom; the system's identity card);
3. Institutions (the courts' structure, the legal profession, the enforcement machinery);
4. Procedure (the adversarial/inquisitorial grammar — Unit 6);
5. Legal methodology and education (the deductive code-readers vs. the inductive case- lawyers);
6. Legal culture and ideology (the role of law in society: rule-of-law states, party-states, religious polities);
7. The system's subjects and scope (who is bound; the personal/territorial reach).