5 Nepal's Conflict-Era Transitional Justice

The 1996–2006 Nepalese armed conflict (the "People's War"): Common Article 3's paradigm case on Nepali ground — the conflict's classification (the organized armed group's territorial control crossing the AP II threshold in phases) and both sides' violations documented (the disappearances — the conflict's signature wound, Nepal's conflict-era disappearance caseloadamong the world's heaviest; the extra-judicial killings, the torture, the displacement; the Maoist side's abductions, extortions, the "people's courts"). The machinery:1. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA, 21 November 2006): the IHL-treaty anchoring — the parties' express commitment to Common Article 3, the Geneva Conventions and the international human-rights instruments; the agreed mechanisms: the Truth andReconciliation Commission (TRC) and the Commission on Investigation of EnforcedDisappeared Persons (CIEDP);3. The Rome Statute and Nepal: Nepal's 2006 accession (the CPA-era signature) — the complementarity question for the conflict-era cases (the ICC's inaction absent a self-referral; the Rome Statute's temporal jurisdiction's 2002+ complication); the CIEDP's and TRC's investigations and recommendation phases (the commissions' completion reports and the reparation authorities' slow birth); the victims' decades-long justice movement (the conflict- victims' organizations' persistence — the Rastriya Samachar Samachar's nightly "Where are our disappeared?" era's moral ledger);4. The doctrinal assessment for the exam: the conflict as IHL's teaching case (Common Article 3's applicability conceded by the CPA itself); the transitional-justice dilemma's universal problem (peace's bargains vs. prosecution's demands; the amnesties'…