3 Constitutional Role and Responsibility of the President (Articles 61–70)

1. Status: head of State (61(2)); promoter of national unity; "compliance and protection ofthe constitution shall be the main duties" (61(4)) — the guardian formula;2. Election and tenure: elected by the electoral college of Federal Parliament + Provincial Assembly members (weighted votes — Article 62); 5 years (63); qualifications: FP-eligible, 45years, two-term limit (64); ceases by resignation, impeachment (Article 101), expiry, death (65);3. The bound presidency (Article 66): the President acts on the consent andrecommendation of the Council of Ministers (through the PM), except where the Constitution expressly provides otherwise — the de jure reserve domains: appointments the Constitution assigns to other bodies (CJ on the Constitutional Council's recommendation — Article 129(2); constitutional bodies likewise), ordinance promulgation (Article 114: on CoM recommendation), emergency declaration (Article 273: on Cabinet's written recommendation), the Article-232(3) provincial interventions, assent/referral of bills (Article 113: the near- suspended veto — may send back once, must certify on re-passage), dissolution of the HoR(Article 76(7): only on the PM's recommendation), pardons (Article 276: on GoN recommendation);4. VP and symbols: the Vice-President (67–69); the different-gender-or-community rule for the pairing (70); oaths before the CJ (71);5. The practice question (exam gold): the "active President" controversies — the assent-and- delay episodes, the interpretive disputes over "recommendation" (the 2020–21 dissolution-and- reinstatement drama: the Court holding dissolution unconstitutional — the episode as the…