1. Codified civil-law form, common-law content: the Code's articles carrying the Anglo- Indian doctrines (offer-acceptance, consideration's debates, free consent's five vitiators) — the hybrid (Comparative Law's mixed-family analysis, Semester 3);
2. The definition's enforceability-test (agreement + legal enforceability — Section 493(a)'s formula);
3. The capacity design: 18-years majority; the unsound-mind; the disqualified (Section 506);
4. The formality-selectivity: oral, written, or by conduct valid (Section 505's three forms); the defined formalities mandatory where prescribed (the registration-linked contracts — the land transactions' own regime, Property Law, Semester 3);
5. The good-faith performance standard (the civil-law signature);
6. The nominate-contract breadth: 16 chapters — from sale to jyala-majduri (the wage-labour contract's unusual codification — the social dimension);
7. The remedy architecture: rescission, compensation (the actual-and-foreseeable loss), specific performance, injunction, quantum meruit (Unit 8) — with the short statutory limitation for contract suits;
8. The dispute-resolution pluralism: courts + arbitration (the Arbitration Act) + mediation (the Mediation Act 2068) + the local dispute-resolution bodies (Procedural Law-I, this semester).