2.3 Delimitation of Electoral Constituencies

Delimitation = the map of representation — the constituency boundaries' drawing. Theconstitutional architecture (Article 286, verified): the Constituency DelimitationCommission (the Government's power to form) — the retired Supreme Court Justice (chair) with the geographer/geologist, the sociologist/demographer, the administrator/legal-expert members (the special-class officer as member-secretary); the mandate's formula: the constituencies for the federal, provincial, village and municipal elections delimiting on populationand geography, maintaining as far as practicable the equal ratio between geography,population and the number of members; the factors: population density, geographical conditions, administrative-and-transportation proximity, communal-and-cultural characteristics; the report's route (to the Government → the federal legislature → the Election Commission for implementation); the 20-year review cycle; and clause 7's bar — no question may be raisedin any court regarding the determined constituencies (the finality's design). The Nepalpractice: the 2017-era delimitation's 165 constituencies (the population-weighted map — the Terai's gain, the mountain districts' one-seat floor debates); the district-vs-population tension (theover-representation of the hills' historical argument); the census's 2021 count and the next review's distance (the 20-year clock).