5.5 Punishment

The regime's ladder (the Securities Act 2063's sanctions, by effect — the current numbers from the Act's text): the administrative penalties (SEBON's fines-and-orders: the disgorgement's faces — the profit's return; the trading bans); the criminal punishment (the imprisonment terms-and- fines for the proven offence — the Act's prescribed scales); the ancillary orders (the office-bar- and-directorship's disqualification faces; the licence's suspension); and the civil exposure (the affected investors' claims where the regime provides). The comparative anchor: the US's disgorgement-plus-criminal-era sentences; India's SEBI's-and-SAT's penalties — Nepal's regime in the same family, the enforcement's scale smaller.